2012年军队英语真题
一、选择填空（共15分，每小题1分）
1. This movie has a(n) ___________ ending. You can’t imagine who will be killed finally.
A. available B. dramatic C. considerable D. normal
2. _________ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to
A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the couple
C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious
3. Fiona said that she felt quite embarrassed that day because she was not accustomed to __________ like that.
A. be treating B. have been treated C. being treated D. be treated
4. Many things _________ impossible in the past are common today.
A. considering B. considered C. to consider D. being considered
5. Mr. Smith managed to eat his lunch _________ having had an enormous breakfast.
A. despite B. since C. because D. although
6. ________ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As
7. —— How is everything going on with you in
A. neither B. instead C. either D. too
8. Three subjects are mentioned at the meeting, _______ physics, history and music.
A. mainly B. formally C. namely D. usually
9. Drunk driving, which was once a(n) __________ occurrence, is now under control.
A. particular B. profound C. frequent D. exciting
10. In my opinion, he’s _____ the most imaginative of all the contemporary poets. A. in all B. at best C. for all D. by far
11. Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for _________ building.
A. scope B. character C. religion D. prediction
12. The press conference, originally due to be held last week, was finally ________.
A. called off B. set off C. taken off D. turned off
13. Water, which seems to be so simple and common, is _______ makes life possible. A. that B. which C. where D. what
14. Some women __________ a good salary in a job instead of staying at home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.
A. must make B. have to make C. could have made D. would make
15. The old couple decided to _________ a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own.
A. bring B. receive C. adapt D. adopt
二、阅读理解（共40分，每小题2分）
Passage 1
Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings.
Thus the limits of a person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people is, the closer they are in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will possibly be as intelligent as each other. Relatives like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also proved by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.
16. Which of these statements best describes the writer’s view in
A. To some extent, intelligence is given at birth. B. Intelligence is developed by the environment.
C. Some people are born clever and others born stupid. D. Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.
17. In
18. It is suggested in this passage that _________.
A. unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligence
B. close relatives usually have similar intelligence
C. the closer the blood relationship between people is, the more different they are likely to be in intelligence
D. people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence
19. People who live in close contact ________.
A. will have the same character B. won’t get along well with each other
C. are hardly to be influenced D. may have similar intelligence
20. The best title for this passage would be __________.
A. On Intelligence B. What Intelligence Means
C. We Are Born With Intelligence D. Environment In Developing Intelligence
Passage 2
Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends. They believe that their family members, especially their parents, don’t know them as well as their friends do. In large families, it is often for brothers and sisters to fight with each other and then they can sometimes go to their friends for advice. It is very important for teenagers to have at least one good friend. Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking with them on the phone. This communication is very important in children’s growing up because they can discuss with their friends the problems that are difficult to say to their family members.
However, parents often try to choose friends for their children. Some parents may even prevent their children from meeting their good friends. The question of “choice” is very interesting. Have you ever thought of the following questions?
· Who choose your friends?
· Do you choose your friends or your friends choose you?
· Have you got a good friend your parents don’t like?
21. Many teenagers think their _________ know them more than their parents do.
A. friends B. teachers C. brothers and sisters D. classmates
22. When teenagers stay alone, the usual way of communication is to ________.
A. go to their fiends B. talk with their parents
C. have a discussion with their family D. talk with their friends on the phone
23. Which of the following statements is DIFFERENT in meaning from the sentence “Some parents may even prevent their children from meeting their good friends.”?
A. Some parents may even not allow their children to meet their good friends.
B. Some parents may even ask their children to stay away from their good friends.
C. Some parents may even not let their children meet their good friends.
D. Some parents may want their children to stop to meet their good friends.
24. What is implied in the passage?
A. Parents should like everything their children enjoy. B. In all families, children can choose everything they like.
C. Parents should try their best to understand their children better. D. Teenagers can only go to their friends for advice.
25. The main idea of this passage is that ________.
A. teenagers attach much importance to their friends B. friends can give good advice
C. parents often choose their children’s friends for them D. good friends can communicate with each other
Passage 3
Thousands of years ago people guessed the time of a day by watching the sun. Later, they found it was easier to tell the exact time by looking at the shadows. Thus, the sundial (日晷) was invented.
The sundial proved a useful timepiece in sunny weather. However, another type of timepiece was necessary for cloudy weather and nigh time. A sand glass was another common measure of time. Two glass bottles were connected by a very small opening. The top bottle was filled with sand, which dropped slowly into the bottom one in a certain period of time. Hour glasses were widely used then. Three-minute sand glasses are still used in many homes to time the boiling of eggs.
The real ancestor of modem clocks was the water clock. In
In the Middle Ages a waterless clock was invented which worked by means of weight. To keep the weight falling at the same speed, a system of wheels was invented. The pendulum (钟摆) was soon developed to control the speed of the wheels. Thus the modem form of clock came into being.
26. Ancient people could guess the day time by________.
A. the sun B. the star C. the weather D. the water
27. Three-minute sand glasses are still used in many homes _________.
A. to boil eggs B. to measure the time of boiling eggs
C. to hold the boiled eggs D. to have eggs boiled
28. If you visit
A. will see the old water clocks broken B. will find the time shown by the old water clocks is wrong
C. can find the old water clocks still telling the time there D. will find the old water clocks have gone
29. In the Middle Ages the falling speed of a weight was kept by _________
A. several bowls B. a system of wheels
C. a system of pendulum D. several springs
30. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The sundial could tell time in any weather. B. Sand glasses are not used today.
C. The ancestor of modern clocks was the pendulum.
D. The modem form of clock came into being after the pendulum was developed.
Passage 4
When Chato’s barking didn’t stir Jerrica Seals, the recently adopted dog tried biting on the teenager’s leg to get the girl out of her burning house.
No one was hurt.
Five people lived in the Garcia’s home. That was neighbor Janice Hamilton’s main concern when she looked out of her window Friday and saw the flames. “I just threw my pants on to run outside to make sure they know how many people lived there.” Halmiton said. “It was scary.”
“Seals called me screaming,” said Leticia Vega, 36, the sister of Seals’ boyfriend, Javier Garcia, 23, who owns the home. “She said the dog woke her up barking, jumped on the bed and bit her on the leg.”
It is said that Garcia’s brother Gabrief brought Chato home several weeks ago after the animal wandered onto a Lehigh Acres construction site. Since then, Vega said, Chato had been mostly quiet until it mattered. “He doesn’t usually bark,” Vega said. “He’s really friendly.”
According to deputy fire chief Steve Clyatt, possibly the fire started because of an inadequate extension cord used on a window air conditioner. More than half of the home was burned down. There was extensive smoke and water damage in the remainder of the structure.
Estimates for repair costs were unavailable. “I’d say it’s unlikely they will recover this, but I’ve been surprised before.” Clyatt said.
31. Who brought Chato home’?
A. Jerrica Seals. B. Janice Hamilton. C. Javier Garcia. D. Gabrief.
32. We know from the report EXCEPT ________.
A. the relationship between Seals and Garcia B. the person who called the firefighters
C. the possible cause of the accident D. the owner of the house
33. The underlined word “they” in
A. the firefighters B. Hamilton’s family members
C. other neighbors D. Vega and her brother Garcia
34. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.
C. Five people lived in the Garcia’s home. D. Garcia’s brother Gabrief brought Chato home several months ago.
35. What would be the best title for this passage?
A. Janice Hamilton Helps Save Neighbors B. Dog Saves Teen Girl from House Fire
C. Family Needs Help Due To House Fire D. Firefighters Put Out House Fire
三、完形填空（共15分，每小题1分）
Tim Becker and his neighbors are doing something to make their neighborhood a trouble-free area.
When Tim Becker gets in his car to go shopping, he doesn’t 36 drive to a store and back home. He always looks 37 up and down the streets of his neighborhood. He looks for anything 38 such as strange cars, loud noises, 39 windows, or people gathering on street corners.
Tim 40 to a neighborhood watch group in
Tina Stedman, president of their neighborhood watch group, agrees 45 Tim. “People seem to think that crime happens to other people but not to them. Well, it’s never happened to me,” she said, “but I don’t think anyone has the 46 to steal from other people or to make them feel 47 . sitting in their own homes.”
Alex, a member of the group, said that all the neighbors 48 out for one another. She feels the neighborhood watch groups 49 a lot in keeping crime down. Her husband Jim agrees, “Police are good people, but they can’t do 5, 0 .”
36. A. yet B. still C. just D. rather
37. A. carefully B. clearly C. nervously D. coldly
38. A. familiar B. unusual C. expensive D. interesting
39. A. contained B. open C. old D. broken
40. A. attends B. belongs C. goes D. turns
41. A. meets B. quarrels C. sings D. searches
42. A. where B. why C. when D. how
43. A. politics B. wealth C. health D. safety
44. A. keep B. hold C. let D. teach
45. A. round B. on C. about D. with
46. A. right B. chance C. courage D. mind
47. A. unlucky B. unsafe C. disappointed D. discouraged
48. A. set B. send C. catch D. look
49. A. produce B. find C. get D. help
50. A. nothing B. everything C. harm D. wrong
四、翻译（共20分，汉译英每小题3分，英译汉每小题2分）
51. 黑人和白人之间的平等之战还有很长的路要走。
52. 他没有完成大学学业，但却成了苹果公司的创始人。
53. 正如人们期待的那样，医生能鼓励癌症病人不放弃活下去的希望。
54. 如果我们不能摄取足够的维生素，就可能患上多种疾病。
55. Living abroad makes him not only understand the meaning of being independent but also learn how to take care of himself.
56. More than half of the 1,000 holiday-makers interviewed said they had decided to send fewer post cards, turning instead to the electronic ones.
57. The
58. When you pay special attention to where you are and what is going on, you will experience a moment that I call a real moment.
五、作文（共10分）
以“Shortage of Water”为题，在答题纸上写一篇不少于100词的英语作文，内容主要包括：人们对水的认识；水的短缺；采取的措施等。
2012年军队英语真题详解
一、选择填空
1. 详解：句意为：这部电影有一个戏剧性的结果。你不能想象到谁最终被杀了。available “可得到的，有空的”；dramatic“戏剧的”；considerable“可观的”；normal“正常的”。本题答案为B。
2. 详解：so引导的从句位于句首时，句子要进行部分倒装，排除A；curious为形容词不能用such修饰，排除D。so … that …“太……以至于……”为固定结构，排除C。句意为：这对夫妇对野生植物太好奇了，以至于他们决定去马达加斯加去做进一步的研究。本题答案为B。
3. 详解：本题中be accustomed to为固定结构，表示“习惯于”，其中to为介词，后面用动名词作宾语。句意为：菲奥娜说那天她感到十分尴尬，因为她不习惯于那样被对待。本题答案为C。
4. 详解：本题中空白前面有名词things，为逻辑主语，和非谓语动词consider之间为被动关系，排除A、C；D项表示正在被看做，不符合语境。句意为：很多过去认为不可能的东西今天已经很普遍了。本题答案为B。
5. 详解：本题中空白后面是动名词短语，不是句子，所以排除C、D；since可以是介词，也可是作连词，意思都是“自从”，不符合语境；despite = in spite of“尽管”为介词。句意为：史密斯先生尽力吃了午饭，尽管他早饭吃得很丰盛。本题答案为A。
6. 详解：本题中空白处作主语，引导非限制性定语从句，指代后面说的事，排除B、D；用在句首引导非限制性定语从句用as。句意为：经常是这种情况，我们已经制定出了生产计划。本题答案为D。
7. 详解：neither作为副词，表示“也不”；instead“反而，代替”；either作为副词，可以用在否定句中表示“也”，也可以强调否定的语气；too用在肯定句中，表示“也”。句意为：—— 你在欧洲一切进展顺利吗？—— 非常好。但是没有我所希望的那么顺利。本题答案为B。
8. 详解：句意为：在会上提到了三门课，即物理、历史和音乐。mainly“主要地”；formally“正式地”；namely“即”；usually“通常地”。本题答案为C。
9. 详解：句意为：酒驾，过去经常发生的事，现在得到了控制。particular“特别的”；profound“深邃的”；frequent“频繁的”；exciting“令人兴奋的”。本题答案为C。
10. 详解：本题中，空白后面为形容词最高级the most imaginative所以用by far修饰。句意为：在我看来，他是迄今为止最有想象力的当代诗人。in all“总之，总共”；at best“充其量”；for all“尽管，虽然”；by far“迄今为止”，修饰最高级。 本题答案为D。
11. 详解：句意为：一个人远足很有趣，对健康也好。还可能对品格的培养有好处。scope“规模”； character“性格，品格”；religion“信仰”；prediction“预测”。本题答案为B。
12. 详解：句意为：起先定于上周举行的现场会议最终取消了。call off“取消”；set off“开始；使爆发”；take off“起飞”；turn off“关闭”。本题答案为A。
13. 详解：本题是系表结构，is系动词，空白后的句子是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以用连词代词what。句意为：水，看起来如此的简单和普通，是使生命成为可能的东西。本题答案为D。
14. 详解：根据but they decided not to work，可知前面是虚拟语气，排除A、B；再根据decided的提示，可只是与过去事实相反，所以用“情态动词+have done”。句意为：有些女人本来能在工作中有个好的收入，而不是呆在家中，但是他们为了家庭决定不工作。本题答案为C。
15. 详解：句意为：这对年老的夫妇决定收养一个男孩和一个女孩尽管他们已经有自己的三个孩子了。bring“带来”；receive“收到”；adapt“适应；改编”；adopt“采纳；收养”。本题答案为D。
二、阅读理解
Passage 1
16. D。主旨大意题。第一段中“o some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, ... On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings.”为本段的主题句，说的是“在某种程度上说，我们的智力是在我们出生时赋予的，另一方面受环境的影响”，所以D项符合主旨。
17. C。词义猜测题。根据第一段中less than前后的比较，可知in a boring environment和in rich and varied surroundings是对等关系，所以surroundings和environment同义。
18. B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的线索“Relatives like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence”，可知“像兄弟姐妹，父母和子女这样的亲属总是有相似的智力”，因此可以推断出近亲有相似的智力，所以选B。
19. D。事实细节题。根据最后一段“people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence”，可知那些有紧密联系的人，尽管不是亲属，很有可能有相同程度的智力，所以选D。
20. A。主旨大意题。本文的第一段是全文的主题段，主要讲述了智力，所以A项符合主旨。
Passage 2
21. A。事实细节题。根据第一段“They believe that their family members, especially their parents, don’t know them as well as their friends do.” 可知“年轻人认为他们的家庭成员，特别是他们的父母，不如他们的朋友了解自己”，所以他们的朋友比他们的父母对他们了解的多。
22. D。事实细节题。根据第一段“Even when they are not with their friends, they usually spend a lot of time talking with them on the phone.”可知“即使当他们不和朋友在一起的时候，他们通常花很多的时间和他们的朋友在电话上聊天。”所以答案为D。
23. D。句意理解题。原句使用了prevent sb from doing sth的结构，表示“阻止某人做某事”。A、B、C三项都符合此意，只有D项stop to do sth表示“停下来去做某事”和原句表意不同。
24. C。推理判断题。根据第一段的线索“They believe that their family members, especially their parents, don’t know them as well as their friends do.”可知“年轻人认为他们的家庭成员，特别是他们的父母，不如他们的朋友了解自己”，所以可以推断出父母应该更好地去了解他们的孩子。
25. A。主旨大意题。文章第一段的首句“Many teenagers feel that the most important people in their lives are their friends”为文章的主题句，说的是“很多年轻人认为在他们的生活中最重要的人是他们的朋友”，所以A项“年轻人很重视他们的朋友”符合主旨。
Passage 3
26. A。事实细节题。根据第一段“Thousands of years ago people guessed the time of a day by watching the sun.”可知“几千年前，人们通过观察太阳来猜测白天的时间”，所以选A。
27. B。事实细节题。根据第二段“Three-minute sand glasses are still used in many homes to time the boiling of eggs.”可知“三分钟的沙杯现在仍然在很多家里被用来测定煮鸡蛋的时间”，所以选B。
28. C。事实细节题。根据第三段“Visitors to the Beijing Palace Museum can still see the old water clocks showing the time there.”可知“到北京故宫博物院的游客还仍然能看到古老的水钟在那里展示时间”，所以选C。
29. B。事实细节题。根据最后一段“To keep the weight falling at the same speed, a system of wheels was invented.”可知“为了使重量匀速下降，发明了一个轮子系统”，所以选B。
30. D。事实细节题。根据最后一段“The pendulum (钟摆) was soon developed to control the speed of the wheels. Thus the modem form of clock came into being.”可知“不久钟摆被发明了来控制轮子的速度。如是现代的形式的钟表就产生了”。D项The modem form of clock came into being after the pendulum was developed.表意和原文一致，所以答案为D。
Passage 4
31. D。事实细节题。根据文章第五段“It is said that Garcia’s brother Gabrief brought Chato home several weeks ago after the animal wandered onto a Lehigh Acres construction site.”可知是Gabrief把这条狗带回家的，所本题答案为D。
32. B。事实细节题。我们从文章第四段““Seals called me screaming,” said Leticia Vega, 36, the sister of Seals’ boyfriend, Javier Garcia, 23, who owns the home.”可知Seals 和Garcia的关系，排除A；根据倒数第二段“possibly the fire started because of an inadequate extension cord used on a window air conditioner.”可知起火的原因，排除C；根据第四段“Javier Garcia, 23, who owns the home”可知房主，排除D，所以只有B项“是谁报的警”没有提到，本题答案为B。
33. A。指代猜测题。人称代词they指代前面提到的名词，结合当时的语境，可知加西亚家中住着5个人，这是当她的邻居向窗外看，看到火光时最担心的，所以她很快穿上裤子跑到外面让消防员知道有多少人住那儿，所以本题答案为A。
34. C。事实细节题。本题的题干并没有提供什么信息，我们需要结合四个选项，分别从原文中查找，并甄别判断：根据第二段“Fort Myers firefighters responded at about 7: 00 a. m.”可知A错误；根据倒数第二段“More than half of the home was burned down.”可知B错误；根据第三段“Five people lived in the Garcia’s home.”可知C正确；根据第五段“It is said that Garcia’s brother Gabrief brought Chato home several weeks ago after the animal wandered onto a Lehigh Acres construction site.”可知D错误，所以本题答案为C。
35. B。文章大意题。根据本文的主题段 —— 第一段，可知本文围绕关键词dog tried biting on the teenager’s leg to get the girl out of her burning house展开，所以B项符合主旨。
三、完形填空
36. 详解：本题答案为C。本题考查结合具体语境的副词辨析。根据上文Tim Becker and his neighbors are doing something to make their neighborhood a trouble-free area.可知当他去购物的时候，不仅仅是开车去商店，暗含还有其它要做的事情，所以just“仅仅”符合语境。
37. 详解：本题答案为A。本题考查结合具体语境的副词辨析。他们是社区的安全巡视员，所以要仔细上上下下地观察，所以carefully“仔细地，认真地”符合语境。
38. 详解：本题答案为B。本题考查结合具体语境的形容词辨析。根据下文具体的例子strange cars, loud noises，可只是寻找不寻常的东西，所以unusual“不寻常的”符合语境。
39. 详解：本题答案为D。本题考查结合具体语境的形容词辨析。结合上文，可知这是不寻常的东西，只有打破的窗户才是不寻常的，所以broken“打破的”符合语境。
40. 详解：本题答案为B。本题考查结合具体语境的动词的固定搭配辨析。这四个词都能和后面的介词to，构成固定短语：attend to“处理”；belong to“属于”；go to“去某地”；turn to“转向，向某人求助”。根据语境，可知他属于一个社区巡防组，所以belong“属于”符合语境。
41. 详解：本题答案为A。本题考查上下文的提示。根据下文gets together with about ten of his neighbors的提示，可知他们在这一天聚会，所以meet“见面”符合语境。
42. 详解：本题答案为C。本题考查表语从句。That’s后面是表语，根据上文on the third Wednesday of every month的提示，可知是用时间副词when。
43. 详解：本题答案为D。本题考查上下文的提示。根据下文their homes, streets, and families safe.的提示，可知他们讨论社区的安全问题。
44. 详解：本题答案为A。本题考查动词的用法。空白及后面使用的“谓+宾+补”的结构，their homes, streets, and families为宾语，而形容词safe为补语，能用于词结构的动词只用keep“保持”。
45. 详解：本题答案为D。本题结合动词的固定结构考查介词。agree on sth“就某事达成一致”；agree with sb“同意某人的观点”，其它两个介词不与agree搭配。根据语境，可知这里表示同意他的观点，所以使用介词with。
46. 详解：本题答案为A。本题结合具体的语境考查名词辨析。根据语境，可知要表达“我不认为任何人有从他人那里偷东西的权利”，所以使用right“权利”。
47. 详解：本题答案为B。本题结合具体的语境考查形容词辨析。根据语境，可知要表达“或是使他们感到坐在自己的家里不安全”，所以使用unsafe“不安全”。
48. 详解：本题答案为D。本题结合具体的语境考查动词辨析。根据语境，可知要表达“所有的邻居都相互照应”，所以使用look out for“小心，注意”。set out“出发”；send out“发射”。
49. 详解：本题答案为D。本题结合具体的语境考查动词辨析。根据语境，可知要表达“她感到社区巡视组在降低犯罪率方面帮助很大”，所以使用help“帮助”。
50. 详解：本题答案为B。本题结合具体的语境考查不定代词辨析。根据语境，可知要表达“警察都是好人，但是他们不做所有的事情”，所以使用everything“所有的事情”。
四、翻译
51. The struggle for equality between blacks and whites has a long way to go.
52. He didn’t finish college education but he became the founder of Apple Computer company.
53. As people expect, doctors can encourage patients with cancers not to give up the hope to live.
54. If we do not get enough of the vitamins, we are likely to develop a number of diseases.
55. 在国外生活使他懂得了独立的意义，也使他学会了如何照顾自己。
56. 接受采访的1000名度假者中，有一半多人说自己已经决定不怎么寄明信卡，转而寄电子卡片。
57. 美国海军已经宣布海军院校的十一名女毕业生将在潜艇上服役。
58. 当你特别注意你在哪里，发生着什么事情的时候，你将经历我所说的当下的时光。
五、作文
Shortage of Water
People often think that water will never be used up. There is plenty of water, such as rain, water from the rivers and wells. It seems as if water is always available around us and we never have to worry about water shortage.
In fact water is rather limited on the earth. With the rapid increase of population and fast development of industries, water is more needed than before. At the same time, a large amount of water has been polluted and wasted every day. Some big cities in
What should we do about the water shortage? I think, first, people should be made aware of the real situation about the water. Everyone should save water and certain law should be made that no water will be polluted. We have to protect the existing water resources and develop new ones. In this way I believe that our cities will not be thirsty for water in the future.
